Effect of Bilayer Flexibility and Medium Viscosity on Separation of Liposomes upon Stagnation Bilayer flexibility, medium viscosity and liposomal separation
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Vol. 13 No. 1 (2017),
1 January 2017
,
Page 23-34
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v13.40703
Abstract
Liposomes are widely used as drug delivery systems in different forms including osmotic pumps, infusion and IV injection. In spite of these, there is no data available about their behavior under convective flow (e.g. infusion or osmotic pumps) and upon stagnation in such drug delivery systems. As a part of a series of investigations in this area, the present study investigates the effects of viscosity and flexibility on liposomes separation upon stagnation.Here, liposomes with different bilayer flexibility and medium viscosity were encountered gravity (separating force) in a designed sedimentation model and changes in their properties were monitored over time. Rigid liposomes in the low viscosity formulation showed significant phase separation (three times reduction in size) and decreased lipid content over time. Increasing the bilayer flexibility of large liposomes, prevented them from phase separation. Neither size reduction nor decreased lipid content was observed. Increasing viscosity of the liposomal formulation of 3.4 cP to 45.2 cP also prevented sedimentation of liposomes and phase separation in the system. These results indicate that bilayer flexibility and viscosity affect the separation of large liposomes in pre-administrational steps and even stagnation during administration in systems such as infusion pumps.
Keywords:
- Bilayer flexibility
- Liposomes
- Particle size
- Sedimentation
- Separation
- Stagnation
- Viscosity
How to Cite
M. Narenji, H. R. Moghimi, & M. R. Talaee. (2017). Effect of Bilayer Flexibility and Medium Viscosity on Separation of Liposomes upon Stagnation: Bilayer flexibility, medium viscosity and liposomal separation. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 13(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v13.40703
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[28] Kibanov A, Maruyama K, Beckerleg AM, Torchilin VP, Huang LActivity of amphipathic poly(ethylene glycol) 5000 to prolongthe circulation time of liposomes depends on the liposome size and is unfavorable for immunoliposome binding to target. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. . (1991) 1062, 142-148.
[29] Saffari M, Shirazi F, Oghabian MA, Moghimi HR. Preparation and in-vitro Evaluation of an Antisense-containing Cationic Liposome against Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Comparative Preparation Study. IJPR. (2013) 12 (Supplement): 3-10.
[2] Madelmont GC, Lesieur S, Ollivon M. Characterization of loaded liposomes by size exclusion chromatography. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods (2003) 56: 189-217.
[3] Tamaddon AM, Shirazi FH, Moghimi HR. Modeling cytoplasmic release of encapsulated oligonucleotides from cationic liposomes. Int. J. Pharmaceut. (2007) 336: 174–182.
[4] Movassaghian S, Moghimi HR, Shirazi FH, Torchilin VP. Dendrosome- dendriplex inside liposomes: as a gene delivery system. J. Drug Target. (2011) 19 (10): 925–932.
[5] Movassaghian S, Moghimi HR, Hosseini-Shirazi F, Koshkaryev A, Trivedi SM, Torchilin VP. Efficient Down-Regulation of PKC-α Gene Expression in A549 lung Cancer Cells Mediated by Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides in Dendrosomes. Int. J. Pharm. (2013) 441: 82-91.
[6] Azizian Gh, Riyahi-Alam N, Moghimi HR, Zohidiaghdam R, Rafiei B, Gorji E. Synthesis route and three different core-shell impacts on magnetic characterization of gadolinium oxide-based nanoparticles as new contrast agents or molecular magnetic resonance imaging. Nanoscale Res. Lett. (2012) 7: 549-559.
[7] Zohidiaghdam R, Riyahi-Alam N, Moghimi HR, Haghgoo S, Alinaghi A, Azizian Gh, Ghanaati H, Gorji E and Rafiei B. Development of a novel lipidic nanoparticle probe using liposomal encapsulated Gd2O3-DEG for molecular MRI. J. Microencapsul. (2013) 30: 613-623.
[8] Alinaghi A, Rouini MR, JohariDaha F, Moghimi HR. Hydrogel-embeded vesicles, as a novel approach for prolonged release and delivery of liposome, in vitro and in vivo. J. Liposome Res. (2013) 23: 235–243.
[9] Alinaghi A, Rouini, MR, JohariDaha F, Moghimi HR. The influence of lipid composition and surface charge on Biodistribution of intact liposomes releasing from hydrogel-embedded vesicles. Int. J. Pharm. (2014) 459: 30-39.
[10] Vemuri S, Rhodes CT. Preparation and characterization of liposomes as therapeutic delivery systems: a review. Pharm. Acta Helv. (1995) 70: 95-111.
[11] Sakai-Kato K, Ota S, Hyodo K, Ishihara H, Kikuchi H, Kawanishi, Size separation and size determination of liposomes. J. Sep. Sci. (2011) 34: 2861-2865.
[12] Sinko PJ, Micromeretics. Sinko PJ (Eds.) In: Martin’s Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Sixth edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA (2011) pp. 442-468.
[13] Chan KTA, Chaffey CE. Increased sedimentation rate and viscosity in suspension of humidified glass beads. Chem. Eng. Sci. (1992) 47: 4471-4473.
[14] Avanti Polar Lipids Inc., 2016. Phase Transition Temperatures for Glycerophospholipids.https://avantilipids.com/tech-support/physical-properties/phase-transition-temps/. (Accessed 29 May 2016).
[15] Stewart JCM. Colorimetric determination of phosphorlipids with ammonium ferrothiocyanate, Anal. Biochem. (1980) 140: 10-14.
[16] Oluwatosin A, Ogunsola A, Kraeling ME, Zhong S, Pochan DJ, Bronough RL, Raghavan RS. Structural analysis of ‘‘flexible’’ liposome formulations: new insights into the skin-penetrating ability of soft nanostructures. Soft Matter. (2012) 8: 10226-20132.
[17] Sinko PJ. Colloidal dispersions. Sinko PJ. (Ed.) In: Martin’s Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Sixth edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA (2011) pp. 386-409.
[18] Franzen S, Lommel SA, Oberhardt B. Virus-based Nanoparticles as Tools for Biomedicine. Haunter SJ, Preedy VR (Eds.) In: Nanomedicine in Health and Disease. CRC Press, UK (2011) pp. 184-202.
[19] Hoffman A, Chung SH, Bader SD, Makowski L, Chen L. Brownian motion in biological sensing. Labhasetwar v, Leslie-Pelecky DL (Eds.) In: Biomedical application of nanotechnology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,, New-Jersey (2007), pp. 83-104.
[20] Almutairi FM, Erten T, Adams GG, Hayes M, McLoughlin P, Kok MS, Mackie AR, Rowe AJ, Harding SE. Hydrodynamic characterisation of chitosan and its interaction with two polyanions: DNA and xanthan. Carbohydr. Polym. (2015) 122: 359 -366.
[21] Li L, Manikantan H, Saintillan D, Spagnolie SE. The sedimentation of flexible filaments. J. Fluid Mech. (2013) 735: 705 – 736.
[22] Manikantan H, Saintillan D. Effect of flexibility on the growth of concentration fluctuations in a suspension of sedimenting fibers: Particle simulations. Phys. of Fluids. (2016) 28: 013303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4938493.
[23] Zheng L, Li B, Lin P, Zhang X, Zhang C, Zhao C, Wang T. Sedimentation and precipitation of nanoparticles in power-law fluids. Microfluid Nanofluidics. (2012) 15: 11 – 18.
[24] Momen-Heravi F, Balaj L, Alian S, Trachtenber A, Hshber FH, Skog J, Kuo WP. Impact of biofluid viscosity on size and sedimentation efficiency of the isolated microvesicles. Front. Physiol. (2012) 3: 1– 6.
[25] Barza M, Stuart M, Szako F. Effect of size and lipid composition on the pharmacokinetics of intravitreal liposomes, Invest. Ophthalm. Vis. Sci. (1987)28, 893 – 900.
[26] Allen TM, Everest JM. Effect of liposome size and drug release properties on pharmacokinetics of encapsulated drug in rats, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1983) 226 (2), 539-544.
[27] Li H, Yang L, Cheng G, Wey HY, Zeng Q. Encapsulation, pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution of interferon α-2b liposomes after intramuscular injection to rats, Arch. Pharm. Res.(2011) 34 (6), 941-948.
[28] Kibanov A, Maruyama K, Beckerleg AM, Torchilin VP, Huang LActivity of amphipathic poly(ethylene glycol) 5000 to prolongthe circulation time of liposomes depends on the liposome size and is unfavorable for immunoliposome binding to target. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. . (1991) 1062, 142-148.
[29] Saffari M, Shirazi F, Oghabian MA, Moghimi HR. Preparation and in-vitro Evaluation of an Antisense-containing Cationic Liposome against Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Comparative Preparation Study. IJPR. (2013) 12 (Supplement): 3-10.
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