Emotion regulation difficulties and cognitive emotional regulation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Researcher Bulletin of Medical Sciences,
Vol. 26 No. 1 (2021),
30 October 2021
,
Page e5
Abstract
Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most prevalent types of complex partial epilepsy in adults. Due to the damage to the amygdala, patients with TLE struggle with emotional problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of emotion regulation and cognitive-emotional self-regulation in patients with TLE compared to non-epileptic individuals.
Method: In this study, 80 patients with TLE were recruited based on some inclusion criteria and compared with 80 non-epileptics by considering their emotional functions. Questionnaires for evaluating difficulties in emotion regulation (Gratz & Roemer) and cognitive emotional regulation (Garnefski) were given to the participants of the study. Finally, data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by SPSS 19 Statistics.
Results: The results of MANOVA test showed a significant difference between the components of difficulties in emotion regulation as well as cognitive-emotional regulation between patients with TLE and the healthy group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Patients with TLE had more difficulties in emotion regulation and higher negative cognitive emotional regulation strategies than healthy subjects.
Keywords:
- Epilepsy; Temporal lobe epilepsy; Emotion; Cognition; Function
How to Cite
Masjedi Arani, A. ., Batebi, S. ., Dolatshahi, B. ., & Azimian, M. (2022). Emotion regulation difficulties and cognitive emotional regulation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Researcher Bulletin of Medical Sciences, 26(1), e5. Retrieved from https://theses.sbmu.ac.ir/index.php/rbms/article/view/37389
References
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14. Brothers L. The neural basis of primate social communication. Motivation and emotion. 1990; 14(2):81-91.
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17. Kotwas I, McGonigal A, Khalfa S, Bastien-Toniazzo M, Bartolomei F, Micoulaud-Franchi JA. A case-control study of skin conductance biofeedback on seizure frequency and emotion regulation in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2018; 123:103-10.
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26. Gomez-Ibañez A, Urrestarazu E, Viteri C. Recognition of facial emotions and identity in patients with mesial temporal lobe and idiopathic generalized epilepsy: an eye-tracking study. Seizure. 2014; 23(10):892-8.
27. Reynders HJ, Broks P, Dickson JM, Lee CE, Turpin G. Investigation of social and emotion information processing in temporal lobe epilepsy with ictal fear. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2005; 7(3):419-29.
28. Bonora A, Benuzzi F, Monti G, Mirandola L, Pugnaghi M, Nichelli P, Meletti S. Recognition of emotions from faces and voices in medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2011; 20(4):648-54.
29. Soltan Mohammadlou S, Gharraee B, Fathali Lavasani F, Gohari MR. The relationship of Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Systems (BAS/BIS), difficulty of emotional regulation, metacognition with worry. Research in cognitive and behavioral sciences 2014; 2(5): 85-100.
30. Dehghani Y, Moradi N, Tabnak F, Afshin SA. Investigating the relationship between humor and difficulty in regulation of emotions and alexithymia in students. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2018; 20(2):113-20.
31. Garnefski N, Kraaij V. The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. 2007; 23(3):141-9.
32. Essazadeghan A, Hassani M, Ahmadian L, Amani J. Comparison of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and General Health Characteristics of Individuals with and without Alexithymia. Psychological research 2013;16(1):65-83.
33. Maguire J, Salpekar JA. Stress, seizures, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis targets for the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2013; 26(3):352-62.
34. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, Lane R. Neurobiology of emotion perception I: The neural basis of normal emotion perception. Biological psychiatry. 2003; 54(5):504-14.
35. Price JL. Comparative aspects of amygdala connectivity. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003; 985(1):50-8.
36. Bookheimer S. Functional MRI of language: new approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing. Annual review of neuroscience. 2002; 25(1):151-88.
37. Sarkheil P, Zilverstand A, Kilian-Hütten N, Schneider F, Goebel R, Mathiak K. fMRI feedback enhances emotion regulation as evidenced by a reduced amygdala response. Behavioural Brain Research. 2015; 281:326-32.
38. Amaral DG, Bauman MD, Capitanio JP, Lavenex P, Mason WA, Mauldin-Jourdain ML, Mendoza SP. The amygdala: is it an essential component of the neural network for social cognition? Neuropsychologia. 2003; 41(4):517-22.
39. Fournier NM, Calverley KL, Wagner JP, Poock JL, Crossley M. Impaired social cognition 30 years after hemispherectomy for intractable epilepsy: the importance of the right hemisphere in complex social functioning. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2008; 12(3):460-71.
40. Marin JC, Moura PJ, Cysneiros RM, Colugnati DB, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza FA, Xavier GF, Zilbovicius M, Mercadante MT. Temporal lobe epilepsy and social behavior: an animal model for autism?. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2008; 13(1):43-6.
41. Schacher M, Winkler R, Grunwald T, Kraemer G, Kurthen M, Reed V, Jokeit H. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy impairs advanced social cognition. Epilepsia. 2006; 47(12):2141-6.
42. Broicher SD, Kuchukhidze G, Grunwald T, Krämer G, Kurthen M, Jokeit H. “Tell me how do I feel”–Emotion recognition and theory of mind in symptomatic mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychologia. 2012; 50(1):118-28.
43. Tanaka A, Akamatsu N, Yamano M, Nakagawa M, Kawamura M, Tsuji S. A more realistic approach, using dynamic stimuli, to test facial emotion recognition impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2013; 28(1):12-6.
44. Patin A, Hurlemann R. Modulating amygdala responses to emotion: Evidence from pharmacological fMRI. Neuropsychologia. 2011; 49(4):706-17.
45. Yamada M, Murai T, Sato W, Namiki C, Miyamoto T, Ohigashi Y. Emotion recognition from facial expressions in a temporal lobe epileptic patient with ictal fear. Neuropsychologia. 2005; 43(3):434-41.
46. Aas M, Navari S, Gibbs A, Mondelli V, Fisher HL, Morgan C, Morgan K, MacCabe J, Reichenberg A, Zanelli J, Fearon P. Is there a link between childhood trauma, cognition, and amygdala and hippocampus volume in first-episode psychosis? Schizophrenia research. 2012; 137(1-3):73-9.
47. Lanteaume L, Guedj E, Bastien-Toniazzo M, Magalahaes A, Mundler O, Bartolomei F. Cognitive and metabolic correlates of emotional vulnerability in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012; 83(5):522-8.
48. Richardson EJ, Griffith HR, Martin RC, Paige AL, Stewart CC, Jones J, Hermann BP, Seidenberg M. Structural and functional neuroimaging correlates of depression in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2007; 10(2):242-9.
49. Kondziella D, Alvestad S, Vaaler A, Sonnewald U. Which clinical and experimental data link temporal lobe epilepsy with depression? Journal of neurochemistry. 2007; 103(6):2136-52.
50. Takaya S, Ikeda A, Mitsueda‐Ono T, Matsumoto R, Inouchi M, Namiki C, Oishi N, Mikuni N, Ishizu K, Takahashi R, Fukuyama H. Temporal lobe epilepsy with amygdala enlargement: a morphologic and functional study. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2014; 24(1):54-62.
51. Lanteaume L, Bartolomei F, Bastien-Toniazzo M. How do cognition, emotion, and epileptogenesis meet? A study of emotional cognitive bias in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2009; 15(2):218-24.
52. Vuilleumier P. How brains beware: neural mechanisms of emotional attention. Trends in cognitive sciences. 2005; 9(12):585-94.
53. Vuilleumier P, Richardson MP, Armony JL, Driver J, Dolan RJ. Distant influences of amygdala lesion on visual cortical activation during emotional face processing. Nature neuroscience. 2004; 7(11):1271.
2. Engel Jr J. Introduction to temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy research. 1996; 26(1):141-50.
3. Javaheri R, Neshat-Doost HT, Molavi H, Zare M. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral stress management therapy on improving the quality of life in females with temporal lobe epilepsy. Arak Medical University Journal. 2010; 13(2): 32-43.
4. Altshuler LL, Devinsky O, Post RM, Theodore W. Depression, anxiety, and temporal lobe epilepsy: laterality of focus and symptoms. Archives of Neurology. 1990; 47(3):284-8.
5. Reuber M, ANDERSEN B, Elger CE, Helmstaedter C. Depression and anxiety before and after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Seizure. 2004; 13(2):129-35.
6. Swinkels WA, van Emde Boas W, Kuyk J, Van Dyck R, Spinhoven P. Interictal depression, anxiety, personality traits, and psychological dissociation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extra‐TLE. Epilepsia. 2006; 47(12):2092-103.
7. Cramer JA, Brandenburg N, Xu X. differentiating anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with partial epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2005; 6(4):563-9.
8. Wendling AS, Hirsch E, Wisniewski I, Davanture C, Ofer I, Zentner J, Bilic S, Scholly J, Staack AM, Valenti MP, Schulze-Bonhage A. Selective amygdalohippocampectomy versus standard temporal lobectomy in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and unilateral hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy research. 2013; 104(1-2):94-104.
9. Vaugier L, Aubert S, McGonigal A, Trebuchon A, Guye M, Gavaret M, Regis J, Chauvel P, Wendling F, Bartolomei F. Neural networks underlying hyperkinetic seizures of “temporal lobe” origin. Epilepsy research. 2009; 86(2-3):200-8.
10. Goldin PR, McRae K, Ramel W, Gross JJ. The neural bases of emotion regulation: reappraisal and suppression of negative emotion. Biological psychiatry. 2008; 63(6):577-86.
11. Fowler HL, Baker GA, Tipples J, Hare DJ, Keller S, Chadwick DW, Young AW. Recognition of emotion with temporal lobe epilepsy and asymmetrical amygdala damage. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2006; 9(1):164-72.
12. Bernasconi N, Bernasconi A, Caramanos Z, Antel SB, Andermann F, Arnold DL. Mesial temporal damage in temporal lobe epilepsy: a volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus, amygdala and parahippocampal region. Brain. 2003; 126(2):462-9.
13. Pitkänen A, Tuunanen J, Kälviäinen R, Partanen K, Salmenperä T. Amygdala damage in experimental and human temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy research. 1998; 32(1-2):233-53.
14. Brothers L. The neural basis of primate social communication. Motivation and emotion. 1990; 14(2):81-91.
15. Bonora A, Benuzzi F, Monti G, Mirandola L, Pugnaghi M, Nichelli P, Meletti S. Recognition of emotions from faces and voices in medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2011; 20(4):648-54.
16. Haxby JV, Hoffman EA, Gobbini MI. Human neural systems for face recognition and social communication. Biological psychiatry. 2002; 51(1):59-67.
17. Kotwas I, McGonigal A, Khalfa S, Bastien-Toniazzo M, Bartolomei F, Micoulaud-Franchi JA. A case-control study of skin conductance biofeedback on seizure frequency and emotion regulation in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2018; 123:103-10.
18. Gross JJ, Muñoz RF. Emotion regulation and mental health. Clinical psychology: Science and practice. 1995; 2(2):151-64.
19. Sheppes G, Suri G, Gross JJ. Emotion regulation and psychopathology. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2015; 11:379-405.
20. Werner K, Gross J J. Emotion regulation and psychopathology: A conceptual framework. In A. M. Kring & D. M. Sloan (Eds.), Emotion regulation and psychopathology: A transdiagnostic approach to etiology and treatment. The Guilford Press 2010;13–37.
21. Mennin DS, McLaughlin KA, Flanagan TJ. Emotion regulation deficits in generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and their co-occurrence. Journal of anxiety disorders. 2009; 23(7):866-71.
22. Amstadter A. Emotion regulation and anxiety disorders. Journal of anxiety disorders. 2008; 22(2):211-21.
23. Salters-Pedneault K, Roemer L, Tull MT, Rucker L, Mennin DS. Evidence of broad deficits in emotion regulation associated with chronic worry and generalized anxiety disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 2006; 30(4):469-80.
24. Gross JJ, Thompson RA. Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation. The Guilford Press 2007; 3–24.
25. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment. 2004; 26(1):41-54.
26. Gomez-Ibañez A, Urrestarazu E, Viteri C. Recognition of facial emotions and identity in patients with mesial temporal lobe and idiopathic generalized epilepsy: an eye-tracking study. Seizure. 2014; 23(10):892-8.
27. Reynders HJ, Broks P, Dickson JM, Lee CE, Turpin G. Investigation of social and emotion information processing in temporal lobe epilepsy with ictal fear. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2005; 7(3):419-29.
28. Bonora A, Benuzzi F, Monti G, Mirandola L, Pugnaghi M, Nichelli P, Meletti S. Recognition of emotions from faces and voices in medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2011; 20(4):648-54.
29. Soltan Mohammadlou S, Gharraee B, Fathali Lavasani F, Gohari MR. The relationship of Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Systems (BAS/BIS), difficulty of emotional regulation, metacognition with worry. Research in cognitive and behavioral sciences 2014; 2(5): 85-100.
30. Dehghani Y, Moradi N, Tabnak F, Afshin SA. Investigating the relationship between humor and difficulty in regulation of emotions and alexithymia in students. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2018; 20(2):113-20.
31. Garnefski N, Kraaij V. The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. 2007; 23(3):141-9.
32. Essazadeghan A, Hassani M, Ahmadian L, Amani J. Comparison of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and General Health Characteristics of Individuals with and without Alexithymia. Psychological research 2013;16(1):65-83.
33. Maguire J, Salpekar JA. Stress, seizures, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis targets for the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2013; 26(3):352-62.
34. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, Lane R. Neurobiology of emotion perception I: The neural basis of normal emotion perception. Biological psychiatry. 2003; 54(5):504-14.
35. Price JL. Comparative aspects of amygdala connectivity. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003; 985(1):50-8.
36. Bookheimer S. Functional MRI of language: new approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing. Annual review of neuroscience. 2002; 25(1):151-88.
37. Sarkheil P, Zilverstand A, Kilian-Hütten N, Schneider F, Goebel R, Mathiak K. fMRI feedback enhances emotion regulation as evidenced by a reduced amygdala response. Behavioural Brain Research. 2015; 281:326-32.
38. Amaral DG, Bauman MD, Capitanio JP, Lavenex P, Mason WA, Mauldin-Jourdain ML, Mendoza SP. The amygdala: is it an essential component of the neural network for social cognition? Neuropsychologia. 2003; 41(4):517-22.
39. Fournier NM, Calverley KL, Wagner JP, Poock JL, Crossley M. Impaired social cognition 30 years after hemispherectomy for intractable epilepsy: the importance of the right hemisphere in complex social functioning. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2008; 12(3):460-71.
40. Marin JC, Moura PJ, Cysneiros RM, Colugnati DB, Cavalheiro EA, Scorza FA, Xavier GF, Zilbovicius M, Mercadante MT. Temporal lobe epilepsy and social behavior: an animal model for autism?. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2008; 13(1):43-6.
41. Schacher M, Winkler R, Grunwald T, Kraemer G, Kurthen M, Reed V, Jokeit H. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy impairs advanced social cognition. Epilepsia. 2006; 47(12):2141-6.
42. Broicher SD, Kuchukhidze G, Grunwald T, Krämer G, Kurthen M, Jokeit H. “Tell me how do I feel”–Emotion recognition and theory of mind in symptomatic mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychologia. 2012; 50(1):118-28.
43. Tanaka A, Akamatsu N, Yamano M, Nakagawa M, Kawamura M, Tsuji S. A more realistic approach, using dynamic stimuli, to test facial emotion recognition impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2013; 28(1):12-6.
44. Patin A, Hurlemann R. Modulating amygdala responses to emotion: Evidence from pharmacological fMRI. Neuropsychologia. 2011; 49(4):706-17.
45. Yamada M, Murai T, Sato W, Namiki C, Miyamoto T, Ohigashi Y. Emotion recognition from facial expressions in a temporal lobe epileptic patient with ictal fear. Neuropsychologia. 2005; 43(3):434-41.
46. Aas M, Navari S, Gibbs A, Mondelli V, Fisher HL, Morgan C, Morgan K, MacCabe J, Reichenberg A, Zanelli J, Fearon P. Is there a link between childhood trauma, cognition, and amygdala and hippocampus volume in first-episode psychosis? Schizophrenia research. 2012; 137(1-3):73-9.
47. Lanteaume L, Guedj E, Bastien-Toniazzo M, Magalahaes A, Mundler O, Bartolomei F. Cognitive and metabolic correlates of emotional vulnerability in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012; 83(5):522-8.
48. Richardson EJ, Griffith HR, Martin RC, Paige AL, Stewart CC, Jones J, Hermann BP, Seidenberg M. Structural and functional neuroimaging correlates of depression in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2007; 10(2):242-9.
49. Kondziella D, Alvestad S, Vaaler A, Sonnewald U. Which clinical and experimental data link temporal lobe epilepsy with depression? Journal of neurochemistry. 2007; 103(6):2136-52.
50. Takaya S, Ikeda A, Mitsueda‐Ono T, Matsumoto R, Inouchi M, Namiki C, Oishi N, Mikuni N, Ishizu K, Takahashi R, Fukuyama H. Temporal lobe epilepsy with amygdala enlargement: a morphologic and functional study. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2014; 24(1):54-62.
51. Lanteaume L, Bartolomei F, Bastien-Toniazzo M. How do cognition, emotion, and epileptogenesis meet? A study of emotional cognitive bias in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2009; 15(2):218-24.
52. Vuilleumier P. How brains beware: neural mechanisms of emotional attention. Trends in cognitive sciences. 2005; 9(12):585-94.
53. Vuilleumier P, Richardson MP, Armony JL, Driver J, Dolan RJ. Distant influences of amygdala lesion on visual cortical activation during emotional face processing. Nature neuroscience. 2004; 7(11):1271.
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